What is the Function of a Pipette in a Laboratory?

Used everywhere from secondary school science labs to state-of-the-art research centres, pipettes are a staple in most laboratories. While their function is simple, they perform several important tasks. Below, we explore some of the key functions pipette lab equipment.

Extract, transport and dispense liquid samples

Whether manual or electronic, the main function of lab pipettes is to extract, transport and dispense liquid samples. Air displacement pipettes are the most commonly used model, with an air cushion used to create a vacuum and draw liquid into the chamber. Positive displacement pipettes are also popular and use piston-driven air displacement to aspirate and dispense liquid.

Maintaining accuracy and precision

Scientists rely on pipettes to accurately measure and dispense liquid samples. Designed to measure on the microliter scale, micropipettes are engineered with accuracy and precision in mind. They are available as both single and multi-channel instruments, with both generally offering accuracy rates of <3% of the specified value. Volumetric pipettes are also considered the gold-standard when it comes to accuracy and precision, used by scientists investigating chemical properties and reactions.

Safeguarding sample integrity

Pipettes provide a clean and hygienic environment to aspirate, transport and dispense liquid samples. The purpose-built tools help to maintain quality assurance in the laboratory and ensure the most reliable and accurate results possible. Modern pipettes often feature disposable tips which helps to minimise the risk of cross contamination.

Protecting laboratory personnel

As well as safeguarding the integrity of samples, pipettes also keep laboratory personnel out of harm’s way. They eliminate contact with liquid samples and allow researchers to extract, transport and dispense liquids in a way that’s safe and efficient.

Reducing repetitive strain injury

Repetitive strain injury (RSI) to the hands is one of the most common workplace injuries encountered by laboratory personnel. If left untreated, RSI can become painful and compromise workplace performance. Fast and efficient, automated and electronic pipettes help to minimise hand stress and prevent workplace injuries in laboratories. When performing repetitive tasks, multi-channel pipettes can also be an effective way to reduce the number of required steps and reduce hand fatigue.

Wondering if you’re using the correct micropipette for the job? Models can vary significantly and it’s important to choose your equipment carefully to facilitate the most accurate results. Lukas Keller, a representative from liquid handling and media preparation equipment manufacturer Integra Biosciences AG, explores the importance of choosing the best equipment in ‘Are you using the right micropipette?’